This Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO) invites innovative studies that will explore how structural, community, and interpersonal mechanisms operate over the life course among middle aged and older adults to shape health outcomes of Latino/a, Black, Asian, and other first generation immigrant groups in the United States (US) and result in health disparities among these populations. This NOFO also invites innovative studies that will explore data needs and methods when studying the effect of immigration on life course health and Alzheimers disease (AD) and AD-related dementias (ADRD). This NOFO and RFA-AG-24-028 are companion announcements. RFA-AG-24-028 invites Research Project Grant (R01) applications. Applications with preliminary data are encouraged to apply to RFA-AG-24-028, while high-risk/high-payoff projects that lack preliminary data may be more appropriate for this NOFO.